The partial sums of the series 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + ⋯ are 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, etc. The n th partial sum is given by a simple formula: This equation was known to the Pythagoreans as early as the sixth century BCE. [5] Numbers of this form are called triangular numbers, because they can be arranged as an equilateral triangle.
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